Abstract: Smart technologies in agriculture and horticulture are transforming conventional farming methods and fostering a shift toward more sustainable and efficient food systems. The study examines how artificial intelligence (AI), Internet of Things (IoT), and precision farming techniques might interact to enhance sustainable farming and horticulture methods. It looks at how real-time monitoring of environmental factors, soil quality, and crop condition is made possible by IoT-enabled sensors, whereas artificial intelligence algorithms process this data to support predictive analytics and decision-making. Targeted treatments improve resource utilization, reduce environmental impacts, and increase crop output via precision farming approaches. Field data, case studies, and recent innovations are used in this study to evaluate the degree to which these technologies help to boost production, cut input expenses, and advance environmental sustainability. Emphasizing the need of enabling laws, farmer education, and infrastructure building to ensure its successful execution, the results show the transformative possibility of smart agriculture. The way intelligent technologies including the Internet of Things (IoT), artificial intelligence (AI), and precision agriculture equipment are revolutionizing these sectors in India is discussed in this review paper. By combining recent research, pilot projects, and government programs, it adds to the growing body of knowledge seeking to build sustainable and future-ready agro-ecosystems by assessing how these innovations impact productivity, resource efficiency, and sustainability.
Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, Internet of Things, Precision farming Tools, Pilot Projects, Smart Technologies.
Author: Kumar Siddharth, Shristi, Tushar Kumar Pandey, Rajendra Kumar Isaac
doi: https://doie.org/10.10346/AE.2025137758
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